Endometriosis Explained: Symptoms, Causes & Early Warning Signs Every Woman Should Know

Endometriosis is a complex and often misunderstood gynecological condition that affects millions of women across the globe. Despite being the second most common gynecological disorder after fibroids, endometriosis remains underdiagnosed and misinterpreted due to its varied symptoms and overlapping signs with other conditions. Understanding this condition is essential for early detection and effective treatment. In this article, we will explore the symptoms, causes, and early warning signs of endometriosis, and why timely medical attention is crucial for long-term health.

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the endometrium—the lining of the uterus—grows outside the uterus. This abnormal growth often affects organs within the pelvic region such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, the outer surface of the uterus, and even the bladder or intestines. In rare cases, this tissue can be found in other parts of the body.

Unlike normal endometrial tissue, which is shed during menstruation, the misplaced endometrial-like tissue has no way to exit the body. This results in chronic inflammation, internal scarring, adhesions, and, in some cases, cyst formation.

How Common is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. In women experiencing subfertility or infertility, the prevalence increases to between 30–50%. Despite its frequency, diagnosis is often delayed for years due to a lack of awareness, normalization of menstrual pain, and inconsistent symptoms.

Symptoms of Endometriosis

The symptoms of endometriosis vary from woman to woman. While some women experience severe discomfort, others may have no noticeable symptoms at all. The extent of the disease does not always correlate with the intensity of symptoms.

Common symptoms include:

• Severe menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea): Pain that begins before and lasts throughout the menstrual period and can intensify over time.
  
  
• Pain during or after intercourse (dyspareunia): Often described as deep, aching pain that can persist for hours.
  
  
• Chronic pelvic pain: Pain in the lower abdomen and pelvic region outside of menstruation.
  
  
• Painful bowel movements or urination, particularly during menstruation.
  
  
• Lower back pain: Especially around the time of menstruation.
  
  
• Fatigue and low energy levels.
  
  
• Infertility or difficulty conceiving.
  
  
• Digestive issues: Such as bloating, diarrhea, or constipation, especially during periods.
  
  

Rarely, endometrial tissue can grow in areas like the diaphragm or lungs, causing cyclical shoulder pain or even nosebleeds during menstruation.

Early Warning Signs Every Woman Should Know

Recognizing the early signs of endometriosis is key to preventing complications. Early detection may help reduce pain progression and preserve fertility.

Watch out for the following warning signs:

• Menstrual pain that interferes with daily activities.
  
  
• Pain that worsens over time or extends beyond your cycle.
  
  
• Pain that is unrelieved by over-the-counter medications.
  
  
• Periods that are unusually heavy or prolonged.
  
  
• Gastrointestinal issues that coincide with your menstrual cycle.
  
  
• Struggling to conceive despite trying for 6-12 months.
  
  

If any of these symptoms resonate with you, consult a specialist like Dr. Shweta Bansal Wazir, a trusted gynecologist in Gurgaon, for a thorough evaluation.

What Causes Endometriosis?

The exact cause of endometriosis remains unknown. However, several theories and contributing factors have been proposed:

• Retrograde menstruation: A condition where menstrual blood flows backward into the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tubes instead of exiting the body.
  
  
• Genetics: Women with a family history of endometriosis (mother, sister, or daughter) are at higher risk.
  
  
• Hormonal imbalances: Estrogen dominance may encourage the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus.
  
  
• Immune dysfunction: An impaired immune system may fail to identify and destroy the misplaced tissue.
  
  
• Surgical transplantation: Endometrial cells may attach to incision sites after surgeries such as a C-section or hysterectomy.
  
  

How is Endometriosis Diagnosed?

Diagnosing endometriosis can be challenging because symptoms often mimic those of other pelvic disorders like ovarian cysts or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The diagnostic process may include:

1. Medical History & Physical Examination: Your gynecologist will ask about symptoms and perform a pelvic exam.
   
   
2. Ultrasound Scan: Transvaginal or abdominal ultrasound can help identify larger endometriotic cysts, although smaller lesions may go undetected.
   
   
3. MRI Scan: Useful for assessing deep infiltrating endometriosis or involvement of other organs.
   
   
4. Laparoscopy: The gold standard for definitive diagnosis. This minimally invasive surgery allows direct visualization of endometrial lesions and may involve biopsy or removal.
   
   

Endometriosis Treatment Options

Treatment is personalized based on the severity of symptoms, age, and fertility goals. At Silver Nest Clinic, Dr. Shweta Bansal Wazir offers evidence-based, compassionate care to help women manage and overcome endometriosis.

1. Medical Management:

• Pain relief: NSAIDs like ibuprofen or mefenamic acid can reduce inflammation and pain.
  
  
• Hormonal therapies:
  
  
  • Combined oral contraceptives (COCs)
    
    
  • Progestin-only pills, injections, or implants
    
    
  • Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists
    
    
  • Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices (LNG-IUD)
    
    

These therapies reduce or suppress menstruation, minimizing the growth of endometriotic tissue.

2. Surgical Treatment:

• Laparoscopic excision or ablation: Removes or destroys endometriotic implants and adhesions.
  
  
• Ovarian cyst removal (chocolate cysts): Can relieve pain and improve fertility.
  
  
• Hysterectomy (in severe cases): Considered a last resort if other treatments fail and childbearing is not desired.
  
  

When to See a Specialist

If your symptoms are persistent, worsening, or affecting your quality of life, consult a gynecologist without delay. Delayed diagnosis can lead to complications such as severe pelvic adhesions and infertility.

At Silver Nest Clinic, Dr. Shweta Bansal Wazir provides holistic care, integrating advanced diagnostics and a personalized treatment approach for every woman. Her expertise in managing complex cases of endometriosis has made her one of the most trusted gynecologists in Gurgaon.

Final Thoughts

Endometriosis is not just “bad period pain.” It is a chronic and potentially debilitating condition that requires awareness, timely diagnosis, and expert care. If you suspect you may have endometriosis, do not ignore the signs. Seeking help early can protect your fertility, manage your symptoms effectively, and improve your overall quality of life.

For expert evaluation and compassionate gynecological care, reach out to:

📍 Dr. Shweta Bansal Wazir – Silver Nest Clinic
🌐 www.drshwetawazir.com
📞 +91 84481 28007

Let your journey toward better reproductive health start today.